Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party

In the 17th century, the territory of modern Mongolia was occupied by the Manchus and was incorporated into the Qing Empire as Outer Mongolia. Mongolia gained independence on December 1, 1911 after the Xinhai Revolution in China, which destroyed the Qing Empire. Nevertheless, according to the Treaty of Kyakhta of 1915, signed by Mongolia, China and Russia, Mongolia was recognized as an autonomous part of China. In 1919, autonomy was eliminated. In 1921, after the defeat from the Red Army, the White Guard units of Baron Ungern (Ungern von Sternberg) entered Mongolia from the Russian Transbaikalia and contributed to the liberation of Outer Mongolia from the Chinese. In the summer of 1921, units of the Red Army of Soviet Russia and the Mongolian detachments that joined it defeated Ungern's troops. A people's government was created in Urga (now Ulaanbaatar), the capital of Mongolia. In 1921, the Mongolian People's Party was created, which in 1924 received the name Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), which pursued a course of socialist transformation. In 1924, after the death of the religious leader and monarch Bogd Khan, with support from the Soviet Union, the Mongolian People's Republic was proclaimed, and the MPRP came to power.

The founders of the MPRP were Damdin Sukhbaatar and Khorlogiin Choibalsan.

Damdin Sukhbaatar (1893-1923) - Mongolian revolutionary, statesman and military leader, leader of the People's Revolution of 1921, Minister of War of the revolutionary government, commander-in-chief of the revolutionary troops. The title Bator, which means “hero” in Mongolian, “hero”, was awarded to him for his bravery and courage. Together with Choibalsan, Sukhbaatar created partisan detachments, and then led the Mongolian revolutionary army that fought against the White Guard units of Ungern. In October 1921, Sukhbaatar, at the head of the Mongolian delegation, arrived in Moscow and was received by V.I. Lenin. On November 5, 1921, on behalf of the Mongolian government, he signed a Soviet-Mongolian treaty establishing friendly relations. For outstanding services in the fight against the White Guard gangs - the common enemy of the Soviet and Mongolian peoples - Sukhbaatar was awarded the Soviet Order of the Red Banner.

He died on February 22, 1923 in Urga (Ulaanbaatar).

Khorlogin Choibalsan (1895-1952) - Mongolian revolutionary, one of the founders of the Mongolian People's Party, participant in the fight against the White Guards in Mongolia, military, state and party leader, who left an ambiguous mark on Mongolian history.